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CRISPR-dCas9系統
dCas9蛋白是Cas9蛋白的突變體,即Cas9內切酶的RuvC1和 HNH兩個(gè)核酸酶活性區域同時(shí)發(fā)生突變。因此,dCas9蛋白的內切酶活性全部消失,只保留由gRNA引導進(jìn)入基因組的能力。
CRISPR-dCas9系統提供了一個(gè)研究定點(diǎn)轉錄調控的平臺。在這個(gè)平臺中,dCas9主要是與其他效應蛋白融合(如GFP、轉錄因子、組蛋白修飾等),進(jìn)行基因調控,基因組成像,染色質(zhì)或DNA修飾以及染色質(zhì)免疫沉淀等。
Figure 8 : The Cas9 null mutant has lost both of its DNA cleavage domains while still retaining its ability to target genomic loci through gRNA:DNA interactions. By fusing effector domains to the Cas9 null mutant, it is possible to activate gene expression (i.e. V964 or NF-kB), repress gene expression (i.e. KRBA domain), visualize genomic loci (i.e. EGFP), perform chromatin remodelling (i.e. TET proteins), and simplify chromatin immunopercipitation (through an antibody epitope tag)